• Interestingly transgenic mice that constitutively express

  2022-01-04

  

  Interestingly, transgenic mice that constitutively express active FXR in the intestine (iVP16FXR) are protected from chemically-induced and genetically-induced cholestasis. This protective effect is attributed to the induction of intestinal FGF15 and repression of hepatic Cyp7a1 expression, downregu

• In the a first in vitro indication of modulation

  2022-01-04

  

  In the 2003, a first in vitro indication of modulation of FXR expression in CRC showed that FXR expression was absent in undifferentiated colon carcinoma cell line SW480, while it was progressively increasing along with the degree of cell differentiation in Caco2 and HT29 cells, and its transcriptio

• Pharmacological inhibition of PKR seems to be an

  2022-01-04

  

  Pharmacological inhibition of PKR seems to be an interesting strategy for revealing the role of PKR in oxytosis and ferroptosis. The oxindole/imidazole derivative C16 was identified by screening a library of 26 different ATP-binding site-directed inhibitors of varying structure that is more selectiv

• Defining the cooperation between molecular pathways within h

  2022-01-04

  

  Defining the cooperation between molecular pathways within highly complex biological systems, such as those between immune cell networks and target tissues is certainly a hard task. Recently, there are many investigations in the pathogenesis of renal graft rejection, one of the most evident investig

• br Acknowledgments This research was supported by

  2022-01-04

  

  Acknowledgments This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health Grants GM58442 and GM084152, as well as the National Institutes of Health Predoctoral Training Grant 5T32GM008700-13. We thank Eric Oldfield (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) for providing the FDPS inhibitor

• flunixin meglumine Under normal physiological conditions the

  2022-01-03

  

  Under normal physiological conditions, the body has sufficient oxygen supply, so glucose can produce large amounts of ATP by aerobic oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation in cells. After SCI, hypoxia ischemia can occur in local tissue, leading to decreasing of intracellular oxygen partial pressure

• MM-102 The rationale for developing HDACi as

  2022-01-03

  

  The rationale for developing HDACi as anticancer agents was based on their ability to induce the hyperacetylation of histones and nonhistone proteins, resulting in increased differentiation, apoptosis, and MM-102 arrest of cancer cells 1, 2, 3. HDACi have been used in the treatment of hematological

• gallamine There are several limitations in our study First o

  2022-01-03

  

  There are several limitations in our study. First, only the naturally occurring resistance-associated mutations in patients coinfected with HIV/HCV gallamine 1b were analyzed. The result was only applicable to HCV genotype 1b, but not the HCV genotype 1a patients. We did not analyze the effect of ge

• NPxY was recognized as the first short

  2022-01-03

  

  NPxY was recognized as the first short signal sequence motif in the cytoplasmic domain of membrane receptors and proteins with critical roles in internalization and trafficking of receptor molecules [130]. Including LDL receptor, beta-1 integrin, megalin, beta-amyloid precursor protein, EGF receptor

• br Biochemical properties and post translational modificatio

  2022-01-03

  

  Biochemical properties and post-translational modification of GCAPs GCAPs are hydrophobic proteins that are likely permanently bound to their GC target under physiological conditions [5]. They interact with the photoreceptor GCs through the intracellular domains (reviewed in [17]). GCAP1 has been

• GPR co localizes with ghrelin in the duodenum gustducin in

  2022-01-03

  

  GPR120 co-localizes with ghrelin in the duodenum [17], α-gustducin in the small intestine and type II taste bud cells 18, 19, neuropeptide Y centrally in the arcuate nucleus [20] and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in the colon and circumvallate papillae taste bud cells 6, 21, 22. Interestingly GPR1

• Adenosine triphosphatase ATP is a signaling molecule in

  2022-01-03

  

  Adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) is a signaling molecule in acute pain and chronic pain(Burnstock, 2009, Burnstock, 2013, Burnstock, 2014, Chizh and Illes, 2001). It is also known that presynaptic A1 receptors are involved in the inhibition of transmitter release (Vizi and Knoll, 1976). Extracellular

• The activation of the ERK pathway participates in the transm

  2022-01-03

  

  The activation of the ERK pathway participates in the transmission of pain signaling by sensitizing primary afferents (Ji et al., 2009, Lai et al., 2011). Thus, the blockade of ERK activation in the primary sensory L 012 sodium salt can reduce the mechanical hypersensitivity and the thermal hyperse

• br Introduction Cherry tomato Solanum

  2022-01-03

  

  Introduction Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a commonly consumed fruit on a worldwide scale due to its characteristic flavor and high nutrition (Wei et al., 2016, Yu et al., 2014). Tomato is low in fat and calories, and is a rich natural source of nutrition and bioactive antioxidant co

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by the

  2022-01-03

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant number GM024417]. Introduction In mammals, glucose is the major energy substrate supporting conceptus development after brain natriuretic peptide formation [1,2]. While the equine morula uses similar amounts

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